For a considerable length of time, the concept of child rights was alien to many jurisdictions. Children were mainly regarded as chattels and factors to bolster economic production. On that premise, child labour was rampant and child exploitation was the norm. Over time, the conceptualization of children evolved and children were gradually accorded human status. This evolution began under the guise of the child labour reform movement, and through more aggressive and radical activism emerged into the corpus of charters, treaties, and domestic legislation ensuring and safeguarding the rights of children. The compelling tale of the trajectory of child rights laws is the pith of this article, as it seeks to travel down history lane, noting the struggles, the impediments to, and the eventual protection of child rights laws. The author’s viewpoint is that of enamoured yet critical observers thus this article winds down with a succinct examination of the consequential impacts of child rights laws in selected facets of life. In the end, this article hopes to serve as a clarion call for the recognition and full-fledged enforcement of child rights laws considering the onerous hurdles it has surpassed and the transitional development it has undergone.

As churches play a pivotal role in shaping societal values and norms, the question of their fiscal contribution to the nation’s development becomes crucial. The immunity granted to religious institutions has been open to questioning due to the present business orientations in churches featuring an unorthodox model of accumulating wealth. A painstaking look at the growing commercial activities and financial investments of churches, suggests that taxing these institutions aligns with the principles of fiscal equity and social responsibility.

History is replete with unprecedented waves of incursions by non-state actors into sovereign state and in the spirit of self-preservation and self-defence these aggrieved states have mounted peremptory campaigns into other neighbouring and distant states to rid the errant non-state actors of the capacity to carry out future attacks against them and to restore the reality of national security within their territorial boundaries. This article seeks to analyse the extent of a states right to defend itself against non-state actor and in the course of this analysis issues like the threshold to justify the sovereign state offensive action and the necessity for self-defence will emerge. These issues will be analysed in line with the principles of international customary law, conventional law, opinion juris and recent state practices.

Biometric data is frequently used to uniquely identify an individual. However, recent studies show that biometric data acquired for identification purposes when processed reveals sensitive information about data subjects rendering them vulnerable and infringing on their privacy rights. It is therefore argued that data protection framework in Nigeria is blatantly insufficient to effectively protect the vulnerabilities brought on data subjects by reason of the processing of their data. The perspective is founded on a careful examination of Nigeria’s current legal framework vis- a-vis the privacy, security, human rights, ethics and socio-cultural implications associated with the processing of biometric data of data subjects. Through deliberate comparison with Biometric Information Act of the United States, this paper identifies challenges which impedes the protection of biometric data and proffers solutions.

The establishment and functioning of international tribunals have been crucial in addressinggrave violations of international humanitarian law and promoting accountability for war crimes,genocide, and crimes against humanity. These tribunals play a significant role in ensuring that perpetrators of these crimes are held accountable, and justice is served. Two prominent cases thathave garnered international attention and raised questions about the power and effectiveness ofinternational tribunals are the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the Israel-Palestine conflict. Therefore,this article examines the impact of the International Criminal Court (ICC) building efforts in post-conflict rule of law-based societies, with emphasis on the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the Israel-Palestine conflict.